The year 1921 was a pivotal one for baseball card collecting and exhibitions. While baseball cards had been included in tobacco products starting in the late 1880s as a marketing tool, it wasn’t until after World War I that collecting them started to gain popularity nationwide. Several major events helped expose the American public to the hobby and drive more serious collections in the early 1920s.
One of the first known public exhibitions of extensive baseball card collections took place in Boston in late 1920. A man named Raymond Allen Putnam, who had amassed over 15,000 cards in the previous five years, displayed thousands of them at a gallery associated with Massachusetts Historical Society. Putnam had catalogs made to organize his collection by team, player, and year. He used glass display cases to protect the fragile cards. Newspaper reports at the time estimated over 5,000 visitors viewed the collection in the few months it was on display. This helped introduce the concept of collecting and showing off collections to a wider audience.
In 1921, three major events brought much more national exposure to the collecting and exhibiting of baseball cards. First, in early 1921 the Boston-based sporting goods manufacturer A.G. Spalding & Bros released a mail-order catalog dedicated entirely to early baseball cards from the 1880s-1910s. This 240-page catalog listed over 10,000 unique baseball cards that could be purchased, with pricing ranging from 10 cents to $5 depending on rarity and condition. Collectors across the U.S. obtained the Spalding catalog and it greatly accelerated interest in tracking down cards from the early 20th century game.
Secondly, the Philadelphia Athletics held a “Baseball Card Exhibition” during their home opener on April 12, 1921 at Shibe Park. Over 1,500 baseball cards donated by fans were displayed on boards around the stadium’s ground level concourse. Newspaper accounts said over 20,000 fans viewed the extensive collection during the game. This helped spark card collecting as a family activity and pastime across Philadelphia and beyond.
Most significantly, in June 1921 the American Legion national convention was held in Kansas City, Missouri. A local Legion post decided to hold a concurrent “National Baseball Card Exhibition” to entertain the 50,000 convention attendees. Dozens of collectors from around the Midwest loaned prized cards to be exhibited. Over 30,000 cards from 1880s-’20s were categorized by team and player in huge glass display cases occupying an entire floor of the convention center. Newspaper coverage brought this immense exhibition—thought to be the largest to date—to a national audience of baseball fans.
The success and publicity of these 1921 card exhibitions directly inspired more collectors nationwide. Hobby publications like the Sporting News and baseball magazines ran features on the growing popularity of collecting. Local card shows started popping up in larger cities. By the mid-1920s, tobacco companies stepped up production of baseball cards included in their products to meet the growing demand, and special “T206” and “T207” tobacco issue sets became hugely popular with collectors. The first national collecting convention was held in 1933. While cards had been included in cigarettes and chewing tobacco for decades prior, 1921 marked the key turning point where collecting them emerged from a small, regional niche into a mainstream national pastime. The exhibits that year exposed baseball card collecting on a much wider scale and played a major role igniting today’s multibillion-dollar trading card industry.